Today I’m going to write about something that as far as I know no one else has written about. As a result, my ideas aren’t yet fully formed. That’s ok. Every great idea was once a germ in a filthy pool. Discussed over time germs can become groundbreaking. For example, many of the ideas that led to American democracy were controversial in their time. If we went back and read those ideas we might chuckle at their lack of form, but what is important is they got the ball running.
That’s more than a necessary prologue. I want to talk about how intolerance destroys individualism, how intolerance shapes society and how we as a society should act.
First intolerance destroys individualism because it forces people into opinions. We have hated each other for opinions for all of written history. History shows it hasn’t always been a good thing. Socrates and Jesus Christ were both executed for their opinions. Their executions underly a truth about humanity we often don’t like to acknowledge. For the most part people don’t have control of their own views and society actively tries to shape those views.
Let’s start first with the conception of belief. We understand that beliefs shape who we are, but we don’t examine where they came from. Beliefs can be formed several ways. Charismatic leaders like Jesus Christ or Gandhi can inspire others driven toward the truth. One might read their writings and view them situationally over and over again to establish a moral system. One might further read philosophers, economists etc to shape the world where ethics against and find a balance between the ethical and realistic. A person like this more than likely (there is no certainty in this world for anyone but zealots) end up a good person provided they are honest with themselves and think of the effect of their believes on others. This person will take a lifetime developing their beliefs and will oscillate between different systems. They may never feel settled in their beliefs. They might even eschew belief altogether for community activism. They may also be extremely unpopular.
Most people aren’t like this. Their views are shaped by their immediate friends and desire to fit in. All humans want to fit in. It’s what keeps society moving. But it becomes a problem when social identity overrides individual identity. I’ll give an example, (I apologize to Republicans. This is just an example) the Republican party has a strong identity. People who claim to be Republicans ascribe certain values to themselves, hard-working, responsible etc. They have to be a part of this party no matter what.
Fiscally, they believe in supply-side economics. They are extremely unforgiving to the opposite side, often calling them communist (an extremely hurtful name in America). Religiously, they are pro-choice. I only briefly talk about the different parts of the Republican party because the parts are just examples. What I’m really talking about is in order to be a Republican (or Democrat for that matter) one is forced into a myriad of very strong view points.
For example, I’m a Roman Catholic. It’s hard to be a Catholic Republican because the religion emphasizes truth through experience and the necessary of sacrificing for one’s community. It’s understood that if one is given more one should give back more. Catholics make up 25 percent of the senate. Of that 25 percent more than 60 percent of Catholics in the senate are democrats. Compared to other Christian sects this is a very high number. But what if Catholics agree with the Republican Party on Pro-life? The Catholic can’t prioritize one issue or the other because the party demands complete allegiance. The cost is exile.
So here’s my point (I know we’ve been dancing around) large parties that amalgamate several issues are not individualistic. They are in fact, the opposite. We can reduce this further. Within Catholicism there are further divisions that the religion imposes on its parishioners. In the end none of us is truly an individual.
I’m sure I’ve lost some people already, but a lack of individualism is not necessarily a bad thing. A society of strictly individualists would be anarchy. The rich would exploit the poor. Essentially it would be feudalism. It might seem unfair to push individuals into certain views, but society has a reason for safe guarding what it believes to be truth. If a denomination splintered into so many pieces it would eventually have no meaning. In democratic societies a certain amount of compromise is necessary to achieve enough votes to foster change. Finally, ostracism is a good tool for preventing nihilism.
However, from the vantage point of a chaos philosopher intolerance can be extremely damaging to society because it prevents new ideas from gaining ground. The world is constantly changing and human beings never find a perfect solution. The best solutions are a result of trial and error, good testing and strong communication. Intolerance prevents all these things because it fears losing control and avoids looking at the world through different paradigms. Established parties can use power via ostracism to push people to their side and ignore larger problems with in society. It’s hard for us to believe, but being offended doesn’t make us just. We are offended because we desire power and seek to ostracize others, so we can obtain it. Ultimately, we need to compromise and save ostracism for extremes. We need to learn to let everyone state their points of view and not be offended.